haha, I had this ridiculous dream ytd that I really need to blog it down to have a gd laff next time. After mj at jerry's place overnite, I came back really hungry and tired. Fell aslp with a growling stomach. AND GUESS WHAT? in my dream, I was at this feast with alot of pple, got icecream chicken wings mushroom soup waffles prawns crab tutu kuah etc etc. And we can take all we like, but we have to list them down on a piece of paper. Then we have to give the paper to an accountant to process and my charge is all waivered. Then duno y, i left the room for a while, when I wanted to go back in, i was refused entry cuz they say the feast is over! OMG. den i woke up feeling dulanxxx, the next tot was 'project time' -.-" siANXXX. lol
Oh yah, learnt about the cognitive restructuring model in my module some time back.. and I just tot that it would be interesting to some of u all out there. It certainly carried some meaning for me.. wat about u? =)
The 10 major Cognitive Distortions:
1) ALL-OR-NOTHING thinking: You see things in black and white categories. If your performance falls short of perfect, you see yourself as a total failure.
Oh yah, learnt about the cognitive restructuring model in my module some time back.. and I just tot that it would be interesting to some of u all out there. It certainly carried some meaning for me.. wat about u? =)
The 10 major Cognitive Distortions:
1) ALL-OR-NOTHING thinking: You see things in black and white categories. If your performance falls short of perfect, you see yourself as a total failure.
2) Overgeneralisation: You see a single negative event as a never-ending pattern of defeat.
3) Mental Filter: You pick out a single negative detail and dwell on it exclusively so that your vision of all reality becomes darkened, like the drop of ink that discolors the entire beaker of water.
4) Disqualifying the positive: You reject positive experiences by insisting they 'don't count' for some reason or another. In this way, you can maintain a negative belief that is contradicted by your everyday experiences.
5) Jumping to conclusions: You make a negative interpretation even though there are no definite facts that convincingly support your conclusion.
i) Mind reading: You arbitrarily conclude that someone is reacting negatively to you, and you don't bother to check it out.
ii) The Fortuneteller error: You can anticipate that things will turn out badly, and you feel convinced that your prediction is an already-established fact.
i) Mind reading: You arbitrarily conclude that someone is reacting negatively to you, and you don't bother to check it out.
ii) The Fortuneteller error: You can anticipate that things will turn out badly, and you feel convinced that your prediction is an already-established fact.
6) Magnification (Catastrophizing) or Minimization: You exaggerate the importance of things (such as your goof-up or someone's else achievement) or you inappropriately shrink things until they appear tiny (you own desirable qualities or other fellows' inperfections). This is also called the binocular trick."
7) Emotional Reasoning: You assume that your negative emotions necessarily reflect the way things really are: "I feel it, therefore it must be true."
8) Should Statements: You try to motivate yourself with should and shouldn't, as if you had to be whipped and punshed before you could be expected to do anything. "Musts" and 'oughts' are also offenders. The emotional consequences are guilt. When you direct should statements towards others, you feel anger, frustration and resentment.
9) Labelling and mislabelling: This is an extreme form of overgeneralisation. Instead of describing your error, you attach a negative label to yourself. "I'm a loser." When someone else's behaviour rubs you the wrong way, you attach a negative label to him" "He's a Goddamn louse." Mislabelling involves describing an event with language that is highly colored and emotionally loaded.
10) Personalisation: You see yourself as the cause of some negative external event, which in fact, you were not primarily responsible for.
Lol... how true =) My studies are quite interesting... =x
Lol... how true =) My studies are quite interesting... =x